MAJOR CHORDS
CMaj7, CMaj9, C6, C = C Major, C lydian, C Major bebop, C Major pentatonic, G Major pentatonic
CMaj7(+11) = C lydian, B in sen
MINOR CHORDS
Cm7, Cm9, Cm11, Cm = C dorian, C minor bebop, C minor pentatonic, F Major pentatonic, Bb Major pentatonic, Eb Major bebop, C blues, C minor
Cm6, Cm = C dorian, C melodic minor, C minor pentatonic, F Major pentatonic, Bb Major pentatonic, C minor bebop, Eb Major bebop, D in sen
Cm(+7) = C melodic minor, C harmonic minor, Eb Major bebop
Cm7(-6) = C minor, Ab Major pentatonic
Cm7(-9) = C phrygian, C phrygian (+6)
DOMINANT CHORDS
C7, C9, C13, C = C mixolydian, C lydian dominant, C dominant bebop, C blues, C Major pentatonic
C7sus, Csus, C11 = C mixolydian
Bb/C, Gm7/C = C suspended pentatonic, F Major pentatonic
C7(+11), C7 = C lydian dominant
C7alt, C7(+9+5), C7(+9) = C altered, F harmonic minor, F melodic minor
C7(-9-5), C7(-9) = HW diminished, F harmonic minor, F melodic minor
C7+ = C whole tone
DIMINISHED CHORDS
Cm7(-5) = C locrian (+2), C locrian
Cdim7 = C WH diminished
OTHERS CHORDS
Cphryg = C phrygian, C phrygian (+6), C Spanish phrygian, C in sen
CMaj7(+5) = C lydian augmented, C Major bebop
C7sus(-9) = C phrygian (+6), C phrygian
nah kalau untuk scalesnya bisa di liat di link ini
http://www.apassion4jazz.net/keys.html
Kamis, 15 September 2011
Minggu, 07 November 2010
Music Effects on The Human Body
Some people considered that the kind of good music to hear it was just a matter of taste. However, from another point of view, we also realize that music can affect us emotionally, physically, mentally, and spiritually. Type of music which is good for emotional health, physical, mental, spiritual and often leads to various controversies. In this case, I'll give a bit of research on the effects of music on various parts and functions of our body, including how the effects on the brain, increased variety of hormones, and its relationship with the rhythm of the body.
RELATED MUSIC WITH BRAIN FUNCTION
All types of sound or when sound is in a regular series which we are familiar with the music, will enter through the ear, and then vibrate the ear drum, shaking the fluid in the inner ear, and vibrate the hair cells in the Cochlea to the next through the nerves to the brain Koklearis . There are 3 pieces of reticular activating system is known to date. First: reticular-thalamus. Music will be received directly by the thalamus, which is a part of the brain that regulate emotions, sensations, and feelings, without first being digested by the brain that thinks about the good-bad or intelligence. Second: through the hypothalamus affect basal structure "forebrain" including the limbic system, and third: the axons of neurons in diffuse supply the neocortex. The hypothalamus is an autonomic nerve centers which regulate the function of respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, bowel muscle movement, endocrine function, memory, and others. A researcher Ira Altschuler says "Once a stimulus reaches the thalamus, then automatically, the center of the brain has been invaded."
A survey at a seminar showed that they did not listen to the words of a song. But at the time the song is played, half of them can melagukannya without them knowing it. This shows the memory in the brain that can record anything coming through the hearing along with the music, without being able to be digested by common sense. In conclusion there is no song / music that can be prevented entry into our brains, even though we say "I do not listen to his verse."
A researcher, Donald Hodges, said that part of the brain known as Planum Temporale and corpus callosum have greater brain size when compared with those musicians who are not musicians. Both parts are even greater if the musicians have studied music since a very young age that is under the age of seven years. Gilman and Newman (1996) suggested that Temporale Planum is that many parts of the brain involved in verbal and auditory processes, while the corpus callosum serves as the sender of message news from the fence left brain-right and vice versa. As we know, the human brain has two major parts, namely: the left brain and right brain. Although many researchers say that the ability of a person musical centered on the right brain hemisphere, but in the process of development, the proportion of capacity that had been collected only on the right brain will spread through the corpus callosum to the left brain. As a result, the ability of the effect on one's linguistic development. Dr. Lawrence Parsons of the University of Texas San Antonio found that harmony, melody and rhythm has a different pattern of activity in the brain. Melody produce the same brain waves on the left and right brain, while the harmonies and rhythms are more focused on just the left brain hemisphere. But overall, the music involves almost all parts of the brain. Dr. Gottfried Schlaug of Boston suggests that the brain of a male musician has Cerebellum (little brain) 5% greater than non-musicians. All of this gives the sense that musical training provides a certain impact on the process of brain development.
MUSIC & HORMONES PRODUCTION
Mary Griffith, a physiologist, suggested that the hypothalamus controls many autonomic nerve function, such as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, bowel movements, spending thyroid hormones, adrenal cortex hormones, sex hormones, can even control all our body's metabolism. A study found an increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) when listening to music. LH is a sex hormone that stimulates egg maturation.
Another study by Satiadarma (1990) was done by measuring the skin temperature using a galvanic skin response (GSR). At the time of research subjects listened to music blasting, then the skin temperature is lower than the basal temperature (the individual's normal temperature without music). Conversely, when soft music is played, the skin temperature rises than usual. This indicates the existence of a stress hormone released by the brain, namely adrenaline, which can affect the workings of blood vessels in the skin to vasoconstriction (narrowing) or vasodilation (widening). In conditions of stress, adrenaline and spent a lot of skin blood vessels constrict, so that the skin temperature decreases. The conclusion was that kind of music blasting can cause us stress, whereas soft music has a calming effect.
Research by Ann Ekeberg shows the influence of music on heart rate. Students at a school the subject of their research and pulse velocity were measured before heard music. Then the type of hard rock music is played for 5 minutes. All students must remain seated quietly in their seats. At the end of the test, the pulse is checked again and recorded. The result is an increase in pulse rate of 7-12 bpm. Tore Sognefest, a Master in Music from the Academy of Music, Bergen, Norway, conducted a similar test to the students at her school. Music from the group AC / DC, "Hell's Bells" is played and the result is pulse increased 10 bpm, while the "Air" from Bach is played, the pulse rate decreased 5 bpm. In conclusion, although the audience sat quietly in her chair, excessive energy of rock music will still affect the heart to beat faster. That's why rock music listeners are very difficult to sit still when you hear the music that accelerates the heart rate. The accumulated energy will find a way to be released.
Blood pressure can be increased by the presence of adrenaline. It also will return to increase production of adrenaline, because the body is under stress, trying to overcome by producing more adrenaline to beware. If the pulse of this stress continues, for example at a rock concert that long, then the amount of adrenalin produced becomes excessive, and the body is not able anymore to get rid of this excess. Part of the excess adrenaline will be converted by the body into other chemicals that are known to adrenochrome (C9H9O3N). Actually, this compound is a psychotropic drug similar to LSD, mescaline, STP, and Psylocybin. Some tests indicate that this substance causes an addiction, like other drugs. So it was no wonder that the 'high' in a rock concert, entering a trance and lose control of themselves. In a situation of dependence / addiction, there will be tolerance. The same music which was originally to create a feeling of excitement, now is no longer satisfactory. It takes a higher satisfaction, it takes the music louder, more chaotic and more irregular. Starting with the soft rock and rock'n'roll, and continued to be heavy metal rock.
David Noebel, observes that the bass tones with low frequency vibration along with the pounding drums, affects the cerebrospinal fluid, which will affect the pituitary gland in the brain. This gland has a function of the body's secretion of various hormones.
Other researchers from Denver, Colorado, United States compare different kinds of effects by different types of music on plants. Plants were placed in five houses of identical plants. Soil, light, and water conditions made exactly the same as each other and even the same types of plants. Over the past few months researchers play a different kind of music on each house plants. The first house, the work of Bach, the second, Indian music, the third, hard rock, the fourth, country and western music, while the fifth, not played any music. As a result, the house plants that just played hard rock music, no results at all growth. Growth stopped and would not bloom. In the house plants with Bach and Indian music, plants appear green, grows with a lush, healthy, and blooming lot. Plants that listen to country music and the West grow just like plants that are not exposed to music, normal growth in the number of normal flowers. Surely there is no emotional connection to the plant, but it will happen something through frequency sound waves that affect their growth rate. If music has a significant influence in simple organisms like that, how it affects the system more complex? Music is also known as a vehicle for therapy. Since time immemorial known physical and mental healing through music. David played a harp while singing to cure King Saul who was upset. Music is also used by King Philip V of Spain, King George II of England, and King Ludwig II of Bavaria for healing. O'Sullivan (1991) argued that music affects the imagination, intelligence and memory, as well as influencing the pituitary in the brain to release endorphins. Endorphins we know to reduce pain, so as to reduce the use of analgesic drugs, also reduce levels of catecholamines in the blood, so the heart rate decreased. Mornhinweg (1992) studied 58 healthy subjects to assess the type of music which reduce stress. Classical music turned out to provide a relaxing effect that can be proven statistically compared with the music of "new age". Soothing music is also used in the treatment of patients with myocardial infarction (heart attack), patients before surgery, even to reduce stress of patients who wait in the waiting room practice.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUSIC & BODY RHYTHMS
Behold, the man is a rhythmic creatures. There is a cycle of brain waves, sleep cycle, heart rate, digestive system, and others who all work in one rhythm. This rhythmic phenomenon not only occurs in humans, but in almost all living creatures, including plants. If there is a disruption to the rhythm of this body, it can happen a variety of diseases, like diabetes, cancer, and respiratory disorders. Researcher David A. Noebel found that rock music rhythms can disrupt insulin levels and calcium in the body. Source of brain food we got from sugar in the blood, but when more blood flows to other organs, the brain will be shortage of sugar. Thus the intellect and moral considerations as well be blunt. No wonder when people hear rock music in a concert, they can do anything, without consideration. Human heart beats 70-80 times per minute with a regular heart rate when heard with a stethoscope will sound DUG-dug-...... The first sound louder, the sound of two more weak, followed by a resting phase. Good music has a rhythm-DUG DUG-dug-dug for four quarters and the DUG-dug-dug for three quarters. This is the kind of healthy rhythm, because according to the rhythm of the body. Rock music has a rhythm that upside down, dug-dug-DUG-DUG. Rhythm harder fall in rhythm to the second and fourth. Or dug-dug-DUG, so the rhythm hard fall on the third rhythm, known as the "back beat" / anapestic beat. Rhythm hard even to fall at any place, referred to as the "break beat". So harmful to the body's rhythms, as opposed to the rhythm of a healthy body.
According to John Diamond, a physician in New York, as opposed to the rhythm of the body, will disrupt the synchronization between the two sides of the brain, thus the symmetry between left and right brains no longer exists. He tried to play rock music on the factory worker, productivity was declining. It takes a certain kind of music with the rhythm to increase worker productivity, if the selected music is wrong, it would be a bad effect. In the laboratory he tried to put stress on his arm and was able to withstand up to 45 pounds. But when rock music heard, then that ability decreases. Other researchers from Stanford University recorded the relationship between brain, muscle and music to produce good work. An instrument measures the electrical waves from the muscle of women workers; music heard and recorded a wave of muscle. Music with an irregular rhythm produces muscle electrical waves that looked like someone who does not experience working with his hands. However, regular rhythm with the music, the electric waves show wave like the experience of workers, thus increasing work efficiency.
Other researchers try to record brain waves during anapestic rhythm is played, there was interference with the alpha brain waves, resulting in "switching". Switching is a phenomenon arising in adults are mentally ill / insane (schizophrenia), in which the person will become like a child and walk like reptiles / reptiles (crawl with legs together-hand side, which should be the opposite). When the relationship with the left-right brain was normal, then like a normal baby would crawl to the foot opposite-hand side. Movement of people who hear rock music often "bopping", which is also a movement sesisi / homolateral. Apparently not all rock music has a rhythm anapestik, music klasikpun anyone has a rhythm that way. Finale of song from the Rite of Spring Igor Stravinsky, had this rhythm. At the first time this song played in concert in Paris in 1913, there were riots and destruction of the concert hall. Just within 10 minutes had started a fight.
Other researchers using rats as subjects of research. This study was conducted with the sound off music with sound that does not irregular and with a constant drum sound. The mice in the end not only have difficulty learning and memory disorders, but also changes in the structure of brain cells. Neurons showed damage "wear and tear" due to stress. Drawn a conclusion, that rhythm was the one who can disrupt the balance of the brain, rather than melody or harmony. Every living thing has a rhythm, if harmony is disturbed by the rhythm of a disharmony, there will arise a damaging effect. Nordwark (1970) and Butler (1973) reported that auditory stimulation that occurs continuously will lead to adaptation. Sound continuously train will cause the response inhibition / inhibit the auditory system. Reaction of this adaptation occurs within 3 minutes and only to disappear after a period of recovery for 1-2 minutes. Music if you want to use as a treatment, should be able to stimulate the release of endorphins. In the event of inhibition, then this process does not occur.
Senin, 01 November 2010
How to Maintain Piano
Piano is an instrument that could be categorized as a beautiful piece of furniture, which can be used as a display home. The difference is this one furniture equipped with modern machinery which is used to play music as entertainment. therefore, this instrument takes good care of their owners.
Piano is a musical instrument consisting of a very complex and expensive materials. There are more than 9,000 parts on the key coupled with the other combinations. If the analyzed material from the piano, it will show high-quality wood, iron, steel, copper, plastic, brass, cotton, adhesive (glue), and so forth. So you can imagine how difficult it is to clean the parts that are not easily accessible on the piano.
For that, we recommend that the piano should be diligent in cleaning. And not hurt you to try it yourself to take care, you can use a very soft cloth to clean the outer parts of the piano (the skeleton). For the keyboard, you can clean with a cloth and use oil or some kind of special liquid to clean the piano, this can be found in stores that sell musical instruments. Do not use liquid or special cleaning for furniture in the house. Although this can be done at the time of emergency. If you do not have a special oil for cleaning the piano, just do it just by using a soft dry cloth. Because the regular cleaners can make wood furniture piano becomes contaminated. Be careful using wood cleaner for piano, even on furniture cleaning labels usually say it could also be used for pianos.
But for more complete cleaning and maintenance, you can hand over this task to the experts. Check all your piano setting at least twice a year. You can ask the technicians who service the piano, about how the rules set up the piano. This will prevent the wrong setting could cause damage. Never even to try to fix the piano or in doing things to excess modifiers. This can cause a fatal error and damage. As a result, you must pay expensive to fix. Let only the experts (piano technicians) who perform the task.
How to put the piano must also be noticed. Keep the piano from a hot place, radiator, fireplace and air holes. High heat and humidity can cause damage to the piano. Avoid placing the piano from the sun. Particularly near windows or doors that can be reached by direct sunlight. Do not put plants or vase with flowers, drinks, food, or anything on the piano. Because if spilled or dropped will be wetting and soiling the piano. If water or dirt get into the sidelines of the mechanical piano, would be very difficult to clean. If this happens accidentally, and call an expert (a service person).
If you own a piano that well maintained, may be used for next generation. Well, from now, with the tips above, for those of you who have a piano, start to give special attention to your piano.
Piano is a musical instrument consisting of a very complex and expensive materials. There are more than 9,000 parts on the key coupled with the other combinations. If the analyzed material from the piano, it will show high-quality wood, iron, steel, copper, plastic, brass, cotton, adhesive (glue), and so forth. So you can imagine how difficult it is to clean the parts that are not easily accessible on the piano.
For that, we recommend that the piano should be diligent in cleaning. And not hurt you to try it yourself to take care, you can use a very soft cloth to clean the outer parts of the piano (the skeleton). For the keyboard, you can clean with a cloth and use oil or some kind of special liquid to clean the piano, this can be found in stores that sell musical instruments. Do not use liquid or special cleaning for furniture in the house. Although this can be done at the time of emergency. If you do not have a special oil for cleaning the piano, just do it just by using a soft dry cloth. Because the regular cleaners can make wood furniture piano becomes contaminated. Be careful using wood cleaner for piano, even on furniture cleaning labels usually say it could also be used for pianos.
But for more complete cleaning and maintenance, you can hand over this task to the experts. Check all your piano setting at least twice a year. You can ask the technicians who service the piano, about how the rules set up the piano. This will prevent the wrong setting could cause damage. Never even to try to fix the piano or in doing things to excess modifiers. This can cause a fatal error and damage. As a result, you must pay expensive to fix. Let only the experts (piano technicians) who perform the task.
How to put the piano must also be noticed. Keep the piano from a hot place, radiator, fireplace and air holes. High heat and humidity can cause damage to the piano. Avoid placing the piano from the sun. Particularly near windows or doors that can be reached by direct sunlight. Do not put plants or vase with flowers, drinks, food, or anything on the piano. Because if spilled or dropped will be wetting and soiling the piano. If water or dirt get into the sidelines of the mechanical piano, would be very difficult to clean. If this happens accidentally, and call an expert (a service person).
If you own a piano that well maintained, may be used for next generation. Well, from now, with the tips above, for those of you who have a piano, start to give special attention to your piano.
Minggu, 31 Oktober 2010
Music
In our lives, we can not escape from the music. Music comes from the soul. Anyone who has a soul definitely needs music. There is even research that says that music can affect plant growth. Pregnant women and young children are also often played classical music to stimulate brain growth. So music can't be separated from life.
Music can affect psychological. One example of the effects of music can we look at the concerts held. When a rock concert, why is often a fight? whereas if we look at classical music, everyone was stunned and some even fall asleep. Loud music will make our souls volatile, otherwise the graceful music will soothe the soul.
Music can shape one's personality. Beware with the music that you like.
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